Minebax



" the mixture be subjected to a heat of 250 WILLIAM H. BLAKEMAN, JR, 0F MOUNT VERNON, YORK.

MINERAL OIL.

No Drawing.

T 0 all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, VVILLIAM N. BLAKE- MAN, Jr, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Mount Vernon, in the county of Westchester and State of New ork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Mineral Oils, which invention is fully set forth in the tion.

The invention relates to the'mineral hydrocarbons-obtained chiefly from the Texas, Gulf, and California oil fields. The oils in this class, or group, of which the Texas oils are regarded as the type, are known commercially as aspha'ltic base oils, and are recognized chemically as being largely composed of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

In applications Nos. 174255 and 174256, filed June 12, 1917, ll have described and claimed the utilization of these Texas oils in the arts-particularly in paint-vehicles-by combining them with fatty oils; and the object of the present invention is so to treat these Texas oils that their combining powers will be very greatly increased when brought into contact with drying, semi-drying and nonsdrying fatty oils and oxidiza'ble matter. This I -accomplish by incorporating with the Texas oil a proportion of tun oil.

Either the crude mineral 011 or any of its fractions, distillates, or residuals, may be used in carrying out my invention, and hence by the term exas oil, hydrocar- 'on", or mineral oil, as used in this specification and in the claims, I intend to include the crude oil and also the fractions, distillates, and residuals. The specific oil which I have employed is that from the Sour Lake district, Texas, preferably the available distillates now on the market varying from .92 to .94 sp. gr. The specific gravity of the crude 011 varies from .90 to .92 and that of the residuals from .990 to 1.000.

In demonstration of my invention I select a distillate of a light straw color and of .9340 sp. gr., and mix therewith from 15% to 20% oftung oil. 7 This mixture should be subjected to prolonged contact either in broad sunlight, or at ture, or both, or ata higher temperature for a shorter time, until the oils are thoroughly blended. A temperature within 250 Fahrl will be found sufficient for general purposes, although the heat may be raised to incipient decomposition if desired. If

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 9, 1921.

following specificaa moderate tempera- Patented July 19, 1921i... Serial No. 443,671.

for a short time, and then allowed to blend for about 48 hours, the mixture, when spread on a plain surface, will not break, run, nor separate, but will exhibit a pellicle or cuticle when placed in broad sunlight for about six hours, under favorable atmospheric conditions.

The Texas oil, treated with tung oil, as above described, will readily unite with all the drying, semidrying, and non-drying fatty oils, in varying proportions, and drying-oil compositions, of any character desired, may be built up therewith. Such drying-oil compositions, even where made with non-drying fatty oils, may be employed in various plastic will constitute a new vehicle for paints, as described in my applications Nos. 174255 and 174256. I

The percentage of tung oil to be used may be varied in practice to meet varying requirements, and will depend upon the gravity and condition of the Texas oil, the characterof the fatty oil with which it is to be mixed, composition is to be used. As little as 5% of tung oil in the Texas oil will result in the formation of a delicate pellicle on long exposure to favorable atmospheric conditions; but-it may be found desirable, in some cases, in forming the mixture of Texas and tung oils, to use the tung oil in excess, so that, when this mixture is combined with the fatty oil, the ultimate composition will show a sufiicient percentage of tung oil-an average of 15% of tung oil in the ultimate composition being a good proport1on. As a general rule, the non-drying fatty oils Wlll require a larger percentage of tung 011 than the semi-drying and drying oils, the percentage decreasing as the rying v fatty oil increases. Thus cotton oil will require 25 parts of Texas oil carrying from 1 5 to 18 parts of tung oil; sunflower seed o1l will require 25 parts of Texas oil carrylng from 10 to 12 parts of tung oil; while soya compositions, and

and the purpose for which the quality of the bean oil will require 20 parts of Texas oil carrying from 8 to 10 parts of tung oil.

' The Texas oil may, if desired, be oxldlzed, or hydrogenated, or both, as described n my applications above referred to and in applications Nos. 443,672 and 443,673, filed her'ewith.- The tung oil will be found sufficiently active in its normal condition, when water free, for ordinary mixtures or compositions, but, if desired to accelerate its Q v v 1,385,036

aflinity, it maybe oxidized, or hydrogenated, surface, will exhibit a pellicle or cuticle in or both. The oxidization may be eflected from 8 to 10 hours it exposed in the dark by heating it on oxidizers, such as the higher under unfavorable atmospheric conditions, oxids of manganese, in the presence of an and in about half that time if exposed to oxygen-carrier (such as turpentine spirits) broad sunlight.

if desired; and the hydrogenation may be When the tung oil has been treated in any efiected by subjecting the oil, with heat, to of the ways above described, and thus renthe action of hydrogen, in the presence of dered more active, a smaller percenta e may catalysts. In so treating the tung oil, howbe used with the Texas oil,if desire ever, care should be taken in the regulation Havingthus fully described my invenof heat, as the tung oil, at temperatures aption, I cla1m: proaching 400 Fahr., has a tendency to 1. As a new composition of matter, amixgelatinize and pass to a solid state, which ture of a mineral oil of the Texas oil 'type, I

renders it insoluble in other oils. and tung oil.

Asatisfactory acceleratin action may be 2. As a new com osition of matter, a mixgiven to the tung oil, wit out using oxture of mineral o1 of the Texas oil type, idizers, bfy merely heating it to a temperaand oxidized tung oil. ture of rom 250 to 300 Fahr., until a 3. As a new composition of matter, a mix slight deepening of color and thickening of ture of a mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, bod are indicated;- sllliorlzingd an1 incilpient and tung oil oxidized and hydrogenated. oxi ation, an suc t ic ene oi Wi exhibit increased activity when mixed with BLAKEMAN, the Texas oil. A mixture of Texas oil and \Vitnesses: I 15 to 20% of this thickened tung oil, when FRANCIS P. REILLY, properly blended and spread on a plain PAs UAL'n JOSEPH S'rmo, 

